Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity of unknown etiology, characterized not only by postural deformity but also by functional impairments including disordered movement patterns, gait dysfunction, and neuromuscular control abnormalities. Recent advancements in three-dimensional motion capture, surface electromyography, and plantar pressure analysis have revealed abnormal features in AIS patients across multiple functional dimensions, including spatiotemporal gait parameters, spine-pelvis mobility, postural stability, lower limb kinetics, and muscle synergy patterns. This review systematically examines the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of AIS individuals under both natural and task-specific conditions from a multidimensional functional perspective. The analysis aims to elucidate the primary manifestations of functional impairments and their key influencing factors, thereby providing biomechanical evidence for establishing a comprehensive framework for AIS dysfunction pattern recognition and multidimensional functional assessment.