Cartilage plays a multitude of crucial roles in the human body, yet due to the peculiarities of its tissue structure, it possesses a weak capacity for self-repair. Mechanical signals can act upon chondrocytes to regulate the homeostasis of cartilage tissue and the onset and progression of diseases. Mechanical loading can both promote the growth and development of chondrocytes to maintain joint stability, and potentially damage chondrocytes and impairing joint health. Currently, the majority of scholars concur on the significant role of mechanical signals on chondrocytes; however, the receptors by which chondrocytes perceive mechanical loads and their mechanisms remain unclear. This article reviews the impact of physiological and abnormal mechanical stimuli on the metabolism and vital activities of chondrocytes through mechanoreceptors on chondrocytes.