Sports biomechanics mainly investigates the mechanical laws governing human movement and equipment in sports, and is an important supporting discipline in the scientific research of competitive sports. This review summarizes recent advancements in data collection and computational analysis techniques in sports biomechanics. On this basis, it focuses on the research progress made in 2024 regarding the application of biomechanics in enhancing sports performance, preventing and rehabilitating sports injuries, and developing sports equipment. The aim is to provide a reference for researchers in China, broaden research perspectives, and promote the in-depth application and development of this discipline in the field of competitive sports.